Movement, can it make us better humans ?

This will be the last blog post you read from us …  for 2017. Happy New year wishes to you all !

This is a rehash of some old stuff, and some new, it seems to bring together many good points and thoughts of our work this past year. We hope you agree. If this seems familiar for those who have been with us for the last 9 years, it is our typical year end post, but it is worth your time

We have an amazing video for you today, a testament to how amazing the human frame is and how amazing movement can be.  But first … . it has been an amazing year for both of us here at The Gait Guys. Through this year, we have bridged further chasms. Our podcasts went into high gear and our numbers continue to grow globally, we were blessed to know our voices spanned the miles into 90+ countries. The National Shoe Fit Certification Program continues to bring us deep gratitude emails from all professions. We blogged weekly , added some new videos and have made plans for more. We also made many new friends while learning much on our own end in our relentless research and readings. We appreciate every one of you who has followed us, and we thank you for your friendship.

As we find ourselves here at the end of another year, it is normal to look back and see our path to growth but to look forward to plan for ways to further develop our growth.  Many of you who read our blog are runners, but many of you are in one way or another involved with a sport or activity that incorporates running and gait. Hey, we all walk !  Even in the video above the dancers are seen running and walking. What we mean is that many of you are coaches or trainers or movement experts who develop those who run or move in one way or another in various sports, but many of you are also in the medical field helping those to run and move to get out of pain or improve performance.  And still yet we have discovered that some of you are in the fields of bodywork such as yoga, pilates, dance, martial arts and movement therapies.  It is perhaps these fields that we at The Gait Guys are least experienced at (but are learning) and like many others we find ourselves drawn to that which we are unaware and wish to know more in the hope that it will expand and improve that which we do regularly.  For many of you that is also likely the case. For example, since a number of you are runners we would bet to say that you have taken up yoga, pilates, lifting or cross training to improve your running and to reduce or manage injuries or limitations in your body. But why stop there ? So, here today, we will try to slowly bring you full circle into other fields of advanced movement. As you can see in this modern dance video above the grace, skill, endurance, strength, flexibility and awareness are amazing and beautiful. Wouldn’t you like to see them in a sporting event ? Wouldn’t you like to see them run ? Aren’t you at least curious ? Their movements are so effortless. Are yours in your chosen sport ? How would they be at soccer for example ? How would they be at gymnastics ? Martial arts ? Do you know that some of the greatest martial artists were first dancers ? Did you know that Bruce Lee was the Cha Cha Dance Champion of Hong Kong ? He is only one of many. Dance, martial arts, gymnastics …  all some of the most complex body movements that exist. And none of them are simple, some taking decades to master, if that, but most of which none of us can do. In 2018 we will continue to expand your horizons of these advanced movement practices as our horizons expand.  There is a reason why some of the best athletes in the NBA, NFL and other sports have turned to almost secret study of dance and martial arts because there is huge value in it.  Look at any gymnast, martial artist or dancer. Look at their body, their posture, their grace.  It is as if their bodies know something that ours do not.  And so, in 2018 The Gait Guys will dive even deeper into these professions to learn principles and bring them back to you. After all, everything we do is about movement. Movement is after all what keeps the brain alive and learning.

Below are excerpts from a great article from Kimerer Lamothe, PhD. She wrote a wonderful article in Psychology Today a few years ago  on her experience with McDougall’s book “Born to Run” and how she translated it into something more.  At some point, take the time to read her whole article.  But do not cut yourself short now, you only have a little more reading below, take the next 2 minutes, it might change something in your life.

We leave you now with our 2017 gratitude for this great growing brethren and community that is unfolding here at The Gait Guys. We have great plans for 2017 so stay with us, grow with us, and continue to learn and improve your own body and those that you work with.  Again, read Kimerer’s most excellent excerpts below, for now, and watch the amazing body demonstrations in the video above. It will be worth it.

Shawn and Ivo, the gait guys

_____________________

Can Running Make us Better Humans ?….. excerpts from the artcle by Kimerer LaMothe.

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/what-body-knows/201109/can-running-make-us-better-humans

“The Tarahumara are not only Running People, they are also Dancing People. Like other people who practice endurance running, such as the Kalahari Kung, dancing occupies a central place in Tarahumara culture. Or at least, it has. The Tarahumara dance to pray, to celebrate life passages, to mark seasonal and religious events. They dance outside where Father God and Mother Moon can see, in patterns consisting of steps and shuffles, taps and hops, performed in a line or a circle with others. And they dance the night before a long running race, while the native corn beer, or tesguino flows.

While McDougall notes the irony of “partying” the night before a race, he doesn’t ask the question: might the dancing actually serve the running? Might it be that the Tarahumara dance in order to run—to ensure the success of their run—for themselves and for the community?

At the very least, the fact that the Tarahumara dance when and how they do is evidence that they live in a world where bodily movement matters. They believe that how they move their bodies matters to who they are and to how life happens. They have survived as a people by adapting their traditional method of endurance hunting (running animals to exhaustion) to the challenges of fleeing Spanish invaders, accessing inaccessible wilderness, and staying in touch with one another while scattered throughout its canyons. As McDougall notes, they have kept alive an ancient genetic human heritage: to love running is to love life, for running enables life.

Yet McDougall is also clear: even the Tarahumara are not born knowing how to run. Like all humans, they must learn. Even though human bodies are designed to flourish when subject to the stresses of long distance loping, we still need to learn how to coordinate our limbs to allow that growth to happen. We must learn to run with head up, carriage straight, and toes reaching for the ground. We must land softly and roll inwardly, before snapping our heels behind us. We must learn to glide—easy, light, smooth—uphill and down, breathing through it all. How do we learn?

How do we learn to run? We learn by paying attention to other people, and taking note of the movements they are making. We learn by cultivating a sensory awareness of our own movements, noting the pain and pleasure they produce, and finding ways to adjust. We learn by creating and becoming patterns of movement that release our energy boldly and efficiently across space. We learn, in a word, by dancing.

While dancing, people open up their sensory selves and play with movement possibilities. The rhythm marks a time and space of exploration. Moving with another heightens the energy available for it. Learning and repeating sequences of steps exercises a human’s most fundamental creativity, operating at a sensory level, that enables us to learn to make any movement in any realm of endeavor with precision and grace. Even the movements of love. Dancing, people affirm for themselves and with each other that movement matters.

In this sense, dancing before the night of a running race makes perfect sense. Moving in time with one another, stepping and stretching in proximity to one another, the Tarahumara would affirm what is true for them: they learn from one another how to run.  They learn to run for one another. They run with one another. And when they race, they give each other the chance to learn how to be the best that they each can be, for the good of all.

It may be that the dancing is what gives the running its meaning, and makes it matter.

Yet the link with dance suggests another response as well. In order for running to emerge in human practice as something we are born to do, we need a culture that values movement—that is, we need a general appreciation that and how the bodily movements we make matter. It is an appreciation that our modern western culture lacks.

Those of us raised in the modern west grow up in human-built worlds. We wake up in static boxes, packed with still, stale air, largely impervious to wind and rain and light. We pride ourselves at being able to sit while others move food, fuel, clothing, and other goods for us. We train ourselves not to move, not to notice movement, and not to want to move. We are so good at recreating the movement patterns we perceive that we grow as stationary as the walls around us (or take drugs to help us).

Yet we are desperate for movement, and seek to calm our agitated senses by turning on the TV, checking email, or twisting the radio dial to get movement in a frame, on demand. It isn’t enough. Without the sensory stimulation provided by the experiences of moving with other people in the infinite motility of the natural world, we lose touch with the movement of our own bodily selves. We forget that we are born to dance and run and run and dance.

The movements that we make make us. We feel the results. Riddled with injury and illness, paralyzed by fears, and dizzy with exhaustion, our bodily selves call us to remember that where, how, and with whom we move matters. We need to remember that how we move our bodies matters to the thoughts we think, the feelings we feel, the futures we can imagine, and the relationships we can create with ourselves, one another, and the earth.

Without this consciousness, we won’t be able to appreciate what the Tarahumara know: that the dancing and the running go hand in hand as mutually enabling expressions of a worldview in which movement matters.”

Thanks for a great article Kimerer. (entire article here)http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/what-body-knows/201109/can-running-make-us-better-humans

*oh, and want a little more of these performers in the video, check this out……. it will move you.

http://youtu.be/CvQBUccxBr4

Wishing a Happy New Year to you all, from our hearts……. Shawn and Ivo

The Gait Guys

Podcast 132: Arm swing, gait retraining and steroids.

Key Tag words:  thegaitguys, gait, gait analysis, arm swing, cortisone shots, corticosteroids, leg swing, running injuries

Links to find the podcast:

iTunes page: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-gait-guys-podcast/id559864138?mt=2

http://traffic.libsyn.com/thegaitguys/pod_132f.mp3

http://thegaitguys.libsyn.com/podcast-132-arm-swing-gait-retraining-and-steroids

Libsyn Directory URL: http://directory.libsyn.com/episode/index/id/6087848

Our Websites:
www.thegaitguys.com

summitchiroandrehab.com doctorallen.co shawnallen.net

Our website is all you need to remember. Everything you want, need and wish for is right there on the site.
Interested in our stuff ? Want to buy some of our lectures or our National Shoe Fit program? Click here (thegaitguys.com or thegaitguys.tumblr.com) and you will come to our websites. In the tabs, you will find tabs for STORE, SEMINARS, BOOK etc. We also lecture every 3rd Wednesday of the month on onlineCE.com. We have an extensive catalogued library of our courses there, you can take them any time for a nominal fee (~$20).

Our podcast is on iTunes and just about every other podcast harbor site, just google "the gait guys podcast", you will find us.

Show Notes:

Corticosteriods and healing
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-10/lu-cah101717.php

-steroid full text: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-12657-0

Can gait retraining prevent injuries ?
https://youtu.be/s8Og2bYsPTM

Exp Gerontol. 2002 May;37(5):615-27.
The reserve-capacity hypothesis: evolutionary origins and modern implications of the trade-off between tumor-suppression and tissue-repair.
Weinstein BS1, Ciszek D.

Arm swing:
Do you remember what Anti-phasic gait is ? If not, this study might not mean much to you. But we have written gobs about it on our blog over the years.

This study looked at "how arm swing could influence the lumbar spine and hip joint forces and motions during walking."

But, we have more to say on this, so, see you on the blog here . . .
https://www.thegaitguys.com/thedailyblog/2017/10/16/arm-swing-and-dynamic-stability-of-the-system

Effect of arm swinging on lumbar spine and hip joint forces
Lorenza Angelini et al. Journal of Biomechanics, Sept 2017
http://www.sciencedirect.com/…/article/pii/S0021929017304670

Want more stability, NOW?

balancing-stones.jpg

Try this...

While walking or running running (or watching a client walk, amble or run) you may be thinking  “I need to do something to improve my (their) proprioception, or they are going to fall (again)” If you were to increase your (their) surface area, and make yourself (theirself)vless top heavy, I (they) would be more stable. How can we accomplish that?

Here is what you can do:

First, spread your toes.; why not maximize the real estate available to your feet?

Next,  widen your stance (or base of gait). Spreading your weight over a larger surface area would be more stable and provide stability.

Third, raise your arms out from your sides (no don't try to fly) to provide more input from your upper extremities to your proprioceptive system (more input from peripheral joint and muscle mechanoreceptors = more input to cerebellum = better balance)

Lastly, Slow down from your blistering pace. this will give your (aging) nervous system more time to react.

All these actions were all “primitive” reactions of the nervous system when learning to walk. We did a post on that when my youngest son was learning to walk.

Want to have better balance?

  • Spread your toes
  • Widen your stance
  • Raise your arms
  • Slow down

Notice I didn’t say this would make you faster. Who is more likely to fall on a corner when being chased by a predator; the tortoise or the hare?

A little practical neurology for you this morning brought to you by the geeks of gait. Ivo and Shawn.

Something you can do NOW to help Parkinsons folks

199px-Sir_William_Richard_Gowers_Parkinson_Disease_sketch_1886.jpg

Anything that can help get more balance and coordination info to the higher centers is a plus for Parkinsons folks, and the texture of the surface they are walking on or the texture of the insole is no different. The more afferent info we can get in through the tactile receptors, joint mechanoreceptors and muscle receptors like the spindles and golgi tendon organs, the better. These all feed (eventually or sometimes directly) to the cerebellum, the king of balance.

In this study they placed little half spheres at the distal phalanx of the hallux, heads of metatarsophalangeal joints and heel. Theses are all areas of increased cortical representation when you look at the sensory homunculus.  They wore them for a week and plantar sensation and stride length both improved, but only the increased plantar sensation remained. Neuroplasticity takes time and we are willing to bet that if they wore them longer, the results would have been more profound.

Sometimes the simplest interventions can go a long way.

 

Lirani-Silva E, Vitorio R, Barbieri FA, et al. Continuous use of textured insole improve plantar sensation and stride length of people with Parkinson disease: A pilot study. Gait Posture 2017;58:495-497. [

Gait and the Autism issue.

One more possible piece to the autism issue.
 

In this study, researchers discovered that between the first and 2 years of age, the brain networks linked to walking change. 
"At 12 months, stronger connections between the brain’s motor and default-mode networks were associated with better walking and gross motor skills. By 24 months, brain networks linked to attention and task control also had become engaged in walking and gross motor skills, the research shows."

Scientists have identified brain networks involved in a baby's locomotion systems, and they feel this discovery may help predict autism risks. As this study indicates, building on prior research showing those infants who show skill development delays in coordination and movement are more likely to indicate risk for autism spectrum disorder. The researchers believe they have discovered a root cause in the "default-mode network", a network thought to be very involved in developing one’s own sense of self. The researchers feel it is possible that the brains of children who go on to develop autism are not as adept at making those network connections and processing that data.

“Walking is a huge gross motor milestone, and it’s associated with a child’s understanding of his or her own body in relation to the environment,” said first author Natasha Marrus, an assistant professor of child psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

“Understanding the early development of functional brain networks underlying walking and motor function in infancy adds critically important information to our understanding not only of typical development but also of a key deficit that appears early in the development of a number of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism,” says Joseph Piven.

“When a child first learns to walk, a big breakthrough involves just putting one foot in front of the other and learning to control one’s limbs,” Marrus says. “As walking improves, it’s possible the child may begin to think, ‘Where, exactly, do I want to put my foot?’ Or, ‘Do I need to adjust my position?’ And by becoming more or less active, the default-mode network, along with other networks, may help process that information."

Read the original source article here,
http://www.futurity.org/learning-to-walk-autism-1626792-2/

The Future of Gait? Good but Scary...

"There is something scary about the 1st sentence of this abstract: "The wide spread usage of wearable sensors such as in smart watches has provided continuous access to valuable user generated data such as human motion that could be used to identify an individual based on his/her motion patterns such as, gait."

The conclusion is equally as scary:Based on our experimental results, 91% subject identification accuracy was achieved using the best individual IMU and 2DTF-DCNN. We then investigated our proposed early and late sensor fusion approaches, which improved the gait identification accuracy of the system to 93.36% and 97.06%, respectively."

This is good in many ways and shows us that gait is (almost) a fingerprint, and identification systems can help in forensics, as well as determining certain gait characteristics across groups.  The other side of the coin is that someone, somewhere is compiling this data and the question then becomes "Who owns this data?" and "How can I access my data?:

Good questions that we feel will probably be answered (though we may not LIKE the answer) in time. Perhaps sooner than we think...

 

Dehzangi OTaherisadr MChangalVala R. IMU-Based Gait Recogvition Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Multi Sensor Fusion Sensors (Basel). 2017 Nov 27;17(12). pii: E2735. doi: 10.3390/s17122735.

Headbonking and gait

A great article (see reference below) just came out looking at the gait changes that come along with a concussion. Basically it says that folks that have concussions have more coronal plane (i.e. side to side) sway and they walk slower. This reminded us of some of the "decomposition of gait" pieces that we have done and one post on proprioceptive clues in children gait that we did about 5 years ago. Having a concussion causes decomposition of gait, and we move toward a more primitive pattern, just like we see in kids. Here was the post:

We can learn a lot about gait from watching our children walk. An immature nervous system is very similar to one which is compensating meaning cheating around a more proper and desirable movement pattern; we often resort to a more primitive state when challenges beyond our ability are presented. This is very common when we lose some aspect of proprioception, particularly from some peripheral joint or muscle, which in turn, leads to a loss of cerebellar input (and thus cerebellar function). Remember, the cerebellum is a temporal pattern generating center so a loss of cerebellar sensory input leads to poor pattern generation output. Watch this clip several times and then try and note each of the following:

  • wide based gait; this is because proprioception is still developing (joint and muscle mechanoreceptors and of course, the spino cerebellar pathways and motor cortex)
  • increased progression angle of the feet: this again is to try and retain stability. External rotation allows them to access a greater portion of the glute max and the frontal plane (engaging an additional plane is always more stable).
  • shortened step length; this keeps the center of gravity close to the body and makes corrections for errors that much easier (remember our myelopathy case from last week ? LINK.  This immature DEVELOPING system is very much like a mature system that is REGRESSING.  This is a paramount learning point !)
  • decreased speed of movement; this allows more time to process proprioceptive clues, creating accuracy of motion

Remember that Crosby, Still, Nash and young song “Teach Your Children”? It is more like, “teach your parents”…

Proprioceptive clues are an important aspect of gait analysis, in both the young and old, especially since we tend to revert back to an earlier phase of development when we have an injury or dysfunction.

 

 

Manaseer TSGross DPDennett LSchneider KWhittaker JL1. Gait Deviations Associated With Concussion: A Systematic Review.  Clin J Sport Med. 2017 Nov 21. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000537. [Epub ahead of print]

Which foot exercises activate the intrinsics?

So, your goal is to strengthen the intrinsics. What exercise is best? Probably the most specific one, right? Well....maybe. These 4 exercises seem to all hit them.

This study looked at the muscle activation of the abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis oblique, flexor hallucis brevis, and interossei and lumbricals with the short foot, toe spreading, big toe extension and lesser toes extension exercises with T2 weighted MRI post exercises (perhaps not the best way to look at it) and shows they all work to varying degrees.

"All muscles showed increased activation after all exercises. The mean percentage increase in activation ranged from 16.7% to 34.9% for the short-foot exercise, 17.3% to 35.2% for toes spread out, 13.1% to 18.1% for first-toe extension, and 8.9% to 22.5% for second- to fifth-toes extension."

Gooding TM, Feger MA, Hart JM, Hertel J. Intrinsic Foot Muscle Activation During Specific Exercises: A T2 Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Journal of Athletic Training. 2016;51(8):644-650. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.10.07.

link to full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5094843/